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1863—Battle of Chancellorsville, Virginia
—May Day
1987—Mother Goose Day
1945—The Soviet Union announces the fall of Berlin
1938—Thornton Wilder receives Pulitzer Prize for “Our Town”
—Arthur Miller’s "Death of a Salesman" wins the Pulitzer Prize
1947—Japan forms a new constitutional democracy
1469—Political philosopher Niccolò Machiavelli is born in Florence, Italy
1961—The Freedom Riders leave Washington, D.C., to challenge segregation laws
1970—National Guard troops fire on Kent State student protesters
1953—Ernest Hemingway wins Pulitzer Prize for “The Old Man and the Sea”
1948—Children's Day in Japan
2010—Cinco de Mayo, a national holiday in Mexico
1925—John T. Scopes is arrested in Tennessee for teaching Darwin’s theory of evolution
1812—Martin R. Delany African American abolitionist, doctor, and politician, born
1940—John Steinbeck’s “The Grapes of Wrath” wins the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction
1862—Henry David Thoreau dies
1915—German sub sinks Lusitania
1812—Robert Browning, English poet, is born
2013— National Teacher Day
1945—World War II ends in Europe
1864—Lee defeats Grant in Spotsylvannia
1753—Phillis Wheatley, first Black American poet, born
1800—John Brown, abolitionist, born
1914—Mother’s Day proclaimed by President Woodrow Wilson
1860—Sir James Barrie, author of Peter Pan, is born
1968—Peace talks began between U.S. and North Vietnam
1940—Winston Churchill becomes prime minister of Great Britain
1869—First Transcontinental Railroad is completed
1888—American composer Irving Berlin born
2013—Mother’s Day observed
1934—Dust storm sweeps Great Plains
1812—Limerick Day: Edward Lear, English author who popularized limericks, is born
1940—Winston Churchill delivers his "Blood, Toil, Tears and Sweat" speech
1846—U.S. declares war on Mexico
1804—Lewis & Clark set out for Pacific Coast
1935—The Philippines ratifies independence agreement
1607—Jamestown, first permanent British settlement in North America, is established
—Walt Whitman registers the title, “Leaves of Grass,” with the U.S. District Court, NY
1856—L. Frank Baum (“The Wonderful Wizard of Oz”) born
1886—Emily Dickinson, American poet, dies
1868—President Andrew Johnson acquitted during Senate impeachment
1843—First wagon train sets out for the Pacific Northwest on the Oregon Trail
1954—Supreme Court unanimously rules in Brown v. Board of Education that racial segregation of schools is unconstitutional
1860—Abraham Lincoln nominated by Republican Party for President
1896—U.S. Supreme Court affirms “separate but equal” principle (Plessy v. Ferguson)
1933—Tennessee Valley Authority is established
1926—Malcolm X, African American activist, born
1930—Lorraine Hansberry, American playwright, is born
1828—President John Quincy Adams signs protective tariff (aka “tariff of abominations")
1862—U.S. Homestead Act is signed
1932—Amelia Earhart becomes first woman to fly solo, non-stop across Atlantic
1927—Charles Lindbergh lands in Paris
1911—The Treaty of Ciudad Juárez peace treaty is signed, concluding the initial phase of the Mexican Revolution
1964—President Lyndon Johnson delivers "Great Society" speech
1844—Mary Cassatt, American Painter, is born
1810—Margaret Fuller, American Transcendentalist and women's rights advocate born
1941—Martin Puryear, American sculptor, is born
1883—Brooklyn Bridge opens
1803—American essayist, lecturer, and poet Ralph Waldo Emerson born
1961—John F. Kennedy pledges support to Space Program
1908—American poet Theodore Roethke born
1889—Opening of the first Eiffel Tower elevator to the public
1937—Golden Gate Bridge opens
1895—Dorothea Lange, American documentary photographer, is born
1941—FDR declares unlimited national emergency
2013—Memorial Day observed
1830—Andrew Jackson signs Indian Removal Act
1851—Ohio Woman's Rights Convention meet in Akron
1917—President John F. Kennedy born
1453—Constantinople falls to Ottomans
1736—Patrick Henry, American patriot, is born
1871—Frederick Douglass delivers Decoration Day Address
1854—President Pierce signs the Kansas-Nebraska Act
1914—Edgar Lee Masters publishes the first poem of what became “The Spoon River Anthology”
1819—American poet Walt Whitman born
1868—Memorial Day first observed
1889—Over 2,000 residents of Johnstown, PA, die in a massive flood